Updated

GL-S-05

Glossary · Banks and finance

Stablecoin

Full glossary
pegto a currency or asset
backingthe main question for the issuer
fiatwhat programmes are paid in

01 / In 30 seconds

The short answer

What it is
A cryptocurrency whose value is pegged to an ordinary currency or asset
Why it is needed
To use crypto infrastructure without sharp exchange rate swings
The main question
What exactly backs the peg and who confirms it
For our purposes
State programmes almost always require payment in ordinary money
What is critical
The source of crypto assets is harder to evidence than that of bank funds

02 / In plain words

What Stablecoin means

A stablecoin is a cryptocurrency whose value is pegged to an ordinary currency or another asset. The idea is to combine the convenience of crypto infrastructure — fast transfers, round-the-clock operation — with the relative stability of familiar money, without sharp exchange rate swings.

The key question for any stablecoin is what backs the peg. The mechanisms vary: reserves in ordinary currency and government bonds, backing by other crypto assets, algorithmic designs. Whether the peg holds under stress depends on the quality of the backing, the transparency of the reserves and the existence of independent verification. The market’s history includes cases where it did not hold.

There are two practical points for investment immigration. First: state programmes, notaries and developers almost always require payment in ordinary money from the applicant’s bank account. Second, and more important: evidencing the source of crypto assets in due diligence is harder than for bank funds — a traceable history is needed from the source of income to conversion into ordinary currency.

A case from practice

Part of a client’s capital was in crypto assets. We built the documentary chain in advance: source of income, transaction history, conversion through a regulated platform, credit to the bank. The programme investment was then made in ordinary money with a transparent source.

Where it is encountered

  • International settlements in crypto assets
  • Storing value without volatility
  • Settlements for an online business
  • Conversion before withdrawal to a bank
  • Proof of source of funds
  • Discussing payment for a programme

03 / What it covers

What is important to check

01

Backing

  • What backs the peg
  • Transparency of reserves
  • Independent verification
02

Issuer

  • Who issues it
  • Jurisdiction and regulation
  • Track record of stability
03

Compliance

  • Source of the assets
  • Transaction history
  • Address analysis
04

Practice

  • Acceptance by the bank on conversion
  • Programme requirements
  • Tax consequences

04 / How it works

How it looks in practice

Step 1

Evidence the source of income

Step 2

Keep the transaction history

Step 3

Conversion through a regulated intermediary

Step 4

Credit to a bank account

Step 5

Programme payment from the bank

05 / Key facts

What you need to know

01

The peg is backed in different ways and not always reliably

02

Transparency of reserves is the key selection criterion

03

Programmes usually require payment in ordinary money

04

Banks analyse the source of crypto assets

05

Transactions in crypto assets may have tax consequences

Common mistakes

  • Treating any stablecoin as risk-free
  • Not keeping the transaction history and the source of income
  • Converting through unregulated intermediaries
  • Planning to pay for a programme with crypto assets
  • Ignoring the tax consequences of transactions

06 / Expert advice

Robert Haas

How to prepare in advance

If part of your capital is in crypto assets, keep the transaction history from the very start: source of income, purchases, transfers, conversions. Withdrawal into ordinary money is made through regulated intermediaries, where a documentary trail remains. Converting in advance with a transparent history is the only workable path to a programme investment.

What we do for you. Crypto assets are no obstacle to a programme, but they require more thorough preparation of the dossier. We build the chain from the source of income to the bank account in advance: reconstructing such a history after the fact is almost impossible.

Robert HaasHead of Company Formation

07 / Questions

Frequently asked questions

A cryptocurrency whose value is pegged to an ordinary currency or asset to avoid sharp exchange rate swings.

It depends on the quality of the backing and the transparency of the reserves. The market’s history includes cases where the peg did not hold.

As a rule, no. State programmes, notaries and developers almost always require payment in ordinary money from the applicant’s bank account.

Many do, but they will require evidence of the source: the source of income, the transaction history, documents from a regulated platform.

The history of all transactions from the very start: where the income came from, when you bought, where you transferred, where you converted. Reconstructing this later is extremely difficult.

As a rule, yes: transactions in crypto assets are taxed under the rules of your country of tax residence. The rules are confirmed separately.

Author: Robert Haas

Reviewed by: Sergej Evdokimov

Sources: FATF — on virtual assets

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Anna Kovalevskaya, lead lawyer at BRIDGES GLOBAL
Anna KovalevskayaLead lawyer, citizenship and residency, 12 years of practice