Updated: June 2026

Case study · Egypt · Citizenship

How a Jordanian Citizen Through an Egyptian PassportOpened the Path to a U.S. E-2 Visa

The U.S. E-2 investor visa is not available to everyone—only to citizens of countries with which the United States has a corresponding treaty. Jordan does not have such a treaty, and our Jordanian client found himself excluded from the E-2 visa not due to lack of funds, but due to his passport. Egypt has the treaty. We explain how second citizenship opened the path to an American visa.

Sergey EvdokimovSergey EvdokimovManaging Partner, BRIDGESReading time9 min readVerificationReviewed by an expert

This case is based on a real matter. The name and certain identifying details have been changed to protect confidentiality.

BRIDGES client story - How a Jordanian Citizen Through an Egyptian Passport Opened the Path to a U.S. E-2 Visa
Contents

Case at a glance

Situation, solution and outcome in seven lines

Client
Jordanian citizen, investor
Objective
Access to U.S. E-2 visa
Program
Egypt, Citizenship by Investment
Challenge
Jordan has no E-2 treaty with the United States
Key Factor
Egypt is a signatory country to the E-2 treaty
Solution
Egyptian second citizenship as the basis for E-2 eligibility
Outcome
Egyptian passport; pathway to E-2 opened

Client story

Client's Story

Where they started

An entrepreneur from Jordan wanted to conduct business in the United States through an E-2 visa: it allows an investor to enter and manage his enterprise in America. He had the capital and business intentions, but he hit a barrier that money cannot solve.

Why the standard route did not work

The E-2 visa is available only to citizens of countries that have concluded a treaty of trade and investment with the United States. This is a matter not of investment amount, but of passport: if your country has no such treaty, the path to E-2 is closed by definition. Jordan has no E-2 treaty with the United States—and the client, despite all his resources, did not qualify for the visa.

What BRIDGES had to solve

The solution lay in changing the basis. Egypt is a country with an E-2 treaty with the United States. Egyptian citizenship gave the client the necessary status: as a citizen of a treaty signatory country, he gained access to file for E-2, which he was denied as a Jordanian. A second passport opened the visa pathway that was closed due to citizenship.

Why a standard answer would not do

The client came to BRIDGES to solve the problem at the passport level: obtain Egyptian citizenship—a country signatory to the E-2 treaty—and through it open access to the American visa. The client decided where to conduct business and reside; our task was to provide him with the missing legal basis.

I wanted to open a business in the United States under an E-2 visa; I had the money and the plans, but it turned out that Jordan simply was not on the list of treaty countries—and that was it, the path was closed by passport. Sergey proposed a solution that I would not have reached on my own: obtain Egyptian citizenship, and Egypt has an E-2 treaty with the United States. I obtained a second passport, and access to the visa opened. The problem was not money, but citizenship—and we solved it by changing the passport.

Grazhdanin · Jordanian entrepreneurThe name and certain identifying details have been changed to protect confidentiality.

What Was at Risk

What Was at Risk

The real barrier was not financial but status-based: without citizenship of a treaty signatory country, the E-2 visa is not accessible in principle, no matter how much you invest. The risk was in knocking on a door closed by passport—submitting applications, refining a business plan—instead of changing the very basis itself. The solution was to obtain a passport of a country with an E-2 treaty.

E-2 is available only to citizens of countries that are signatories to a treaty with the United States;

  1. 01Jordan has no E-2 treaty, and this is a passport-based barrier;
  2. 02The barrier cannot be resolved by increasing the investment amount;
  3. 03Egypt is a signatory country to the E-2 treaty;
  4. 04Second citizenship changes the basis for visa application.

The logic of the solution

How the matter progressed: from checks to result

The chart is built from the facts of this matter and shows the logic of the work without decorative or unverified data.

  1. 01
    Stage 1

    We identified the true barrier. First, we showed the client that his problem was not money or a business plan, but his passport: Jordan has no E-2 treaty with the United States. This shifted the task from "how to obtain a visa" to "how to change the basis."

  2. 02
    Stage 2

    We found a treaty country. We determined that Egypt is a country with an E-2 treaty with the United States, and its citizenship is accessible through investment. This gave the client the required status for the visa.

  3. 03
    Stage 3

    We selected the Egyptian citizenship option. We selected an appropriate Egyptian program option to meet the client's goal and structured the application to obtain a second passport through a clear pathway.

  4. 04
    Stage 4

    We completed the investment and applied for citizenship. We made the investment according to the selected option and completed the Egyptian citizenship procedure. The client obtained a passport of a treaty country.

  5. 05
    Stage 5

    We obtained the second passport. The client became an Egyptian citizen. His status for E-2 visa purposes changed: now he is a citizen of a country with a treaty with the United States.

Takeaway. Conclusion: E-2 is a passport barrier, not a financial barrier. If the client's country has no E-2 treaty with the United States, a second citizenship of a treaty country (Egypt) opens the pathway to the visa.

How we resolved the issue

How we resolved the issue

The work was split into verifiable stages so that every conclusion rested on documents.

  1. 01

    Stage 1

    We identified the true barrier. First, we showed the client that his problem was not money or a business plan, but his passport: Jordan has no E-2 treaty with the United States. This shifted the task from "how to obtain a visa" to "how to change the basis."

  2. 02

    Stage 2

    We found a treaty country. We determined that Egypt is a country with an E-2 treaty with the United States, and its citizenship is accessible through investment. This gave the client the required status for the visa.

  3. 03

    Stage 3

    We selected the Egyptian citizenship option. We selected an appropriate Egyptian program option to meet the client's goal and structured the application to obtain a second passport through a clear pathway.

  4. 04

    Stage 4

    We completed the investment and applied for citizenship. We made the investment according to the selected option and completed the Egyptian citizenship procedure. The client obtained a passport of a treaty country.

  5. 05

    Stage 5

    We obtained the second passport. The client became an Egyptian citizen. His status for E-2 visa purposes changed: now he is a citizen of a country with a treaty with the United States.

  6. 06

    Stage 6

    We opened the pathway to E-2 visa. With the second passport, the client obtained the basis for applying for E-2, which was unavailable to him as a Jordanian. The citizenship barrier was removed; he proceeded with further visa steps with the required status.

Expert comment

This is a classic example of a problem that cannot be solved with money - only through a change of status. The Jordanian client wanted an E-2 visa to conduct business in the United States. However, E-2 is a treaty visa: it is available only to citizens of countries that have the appropriate treaty with the United States. Jordan does not have one. And no matter how much the client was willing to invest, as a Jordanian, he simply did not qualify for the visa - a passport barrier. But Egypt has an E-2 treaty with the United States. Therefore, I proposed approaching from a different angle: obtain Egyptian citizenship, and then the client would have the necessary basis for applying for E-2. We obtained the second passport, and the pathway to the visa opened. I always explain: some doors are not locked with money, but with citizenship. In such cases, we change the passport. Where to conduct business and where to live is the client's choice; we gave him the key.

Sergey Evdokimov, Managing Partner, BRIDGESSergey EvdokimovManaging Partner, BRIDGES

Outcome

What the client received

What was required
How we did it · Result
Remove the passport barrier
second citizenship of a treaty country · basis for E-2
Find the appropriate country
Egypt - E-2 treaty participant · correct status
Obtain passport
investment through program · Egyptian citizenship
Open the pathway to visa
application for E-2 with new status · access to E-2
Open the pathway to visa
application for E-2 with new status · access to E-2

What was: a Jordanian citizen did not have access to E-2 visa to the United States because Jordan has no E-2 treaty, and the barrier could not be resolved by investment amount. What we did: identified the true barrier; found a treaty country - Egypt; selected the citizenship option; completed the investment and applied for citizenship; obtained the second passport; opened the pathway to E-2 visa. What the client received: Egyptian passport and access to E-2.

Practical takeaway

What matters in a similar situation

  • Conclusion: E-2 is a passport barrier, not a financial barrier. If the client's country has no E-2 treaty with the United States, a second citizenship of a treaty country (Egypt) opens the pathway to the visa.
  • The client obtained access to the American E-2 visa - because we changed his basis through Egyptian citizenship, a treaty country, instead of attempting to force a door that was closed due to his Jordanian passport.

FAQ

Questions people ask in a similar situation

01Who is eligible for E-2 visa to the United States?

Only citizens of countries that have concluded a trade and investment treaty with the United States. This is a passport barrier: if a country has no treaty, the visa is unavailable regardless of investment amount.

02Why is E-2 visa unavailable to a Jordanian citizen?

Because Jordan has no E-2 treaty with the United States. The barrier is not financial but status-based—it is linked to citizenship, not to the investor's capabilities.

03How does Egypt assist with E-2 visa sponsorship?

Egypt is a treaty country for the E-2 visa program with the United States. By obtaining Egyptian citizenship, an investor gains eligibility to apply for E-2, which is unavailable through a passport from a non-treaty country.

04Does an Egyptian passport guarantee the E-2 visa itself?

No. A second passport provides access to E-2 application; the United States makes the visa decision according to its own requirements. Citizenship removes only the country-participation barrier.

05How to obtain Egyptian citizenship?

Through investment: non-refundable contribution, real estate, business, or refundable deposit. The option is selected according to your goal; terms are confirmed with the authorized body.

06Is E-2 visa unavailable due to your passport?

If your country has no E-2 treaty with the United States, we will open a pathway through second citizenship in a treaty country: we will select an Egyptian citizenship option and arrange a passport that provides eligibility for E-2 application.

About the author

Sergey Evdokimov

Author: Sergey Evdokimov

Managing Partner, BRIDGES

As Founder and Managing Partner of BRIDGES, I am responsible for the firm's strategy and personally lead its most complex client matters, including cases in which citizenship or residence decisions require a strategic view and consideration of capital.

I begin by defining the objective: the outcome the client needs, the facts that affect the choice, and the matters that require further review. I then establish the available directions, the sequence of work, and the key decision points.

Once the strategy has been agreed, I oversee the BRIDGES team's key decisions and remain involved at the stages that shape the course of the matter. The purpose is to give the client a clear rationale for the chosen direction and a precise understanding of the next steps.

Prepared on the basis of BRIDGES practice and reviewed by a subject-matter expert.

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Anna KovalevskayaHead of Legal, BRIDGES
Anna Kovalevskaya, Head of Legal, BRIDGES

Names and certain details have been changed to protect client confidentiality. The result described reflects one specific situation and is neither a public offer nor a guarantee of a similar outcome. Programme terms are stated as of 2026 and may change - please confirm current parameters with a BRIDGES consultant.