Updated: August 2026

Case study · Armenia · Banking

How a designer set up payments from foreignclients through an account in Yerevan

Alina opened an account with an Armenian bank herself - in an hour and with no difficulty. The problems began a month later: the first large transfer from Europe was held in review for nine days, and after the second one the bank requested documents on every payment received that quarter. We put her contracts and invoices in order, explained her working model to the bank - and the payments stopped stalling.

Dmitry NagyDmitry NagyInternational Tax Consultant, BRIDGESReading time10 min readVerificationReviewed by an expert

This case is based on a real matter. The name and certain identifying details have been changed to protect confidentiality.

BRIDGES client story - How a designer set up payments from foreign clients through an account in Yerevan
Contents

Case at a glance

Situation, solution and outcome in seven lines

Client
Alina, 29, product designer
From
St Petersburg; relocating to Yerevan
Objective
receiving payments from foreign clients without blocks
Problem
delayed incoming payments and bank queries on every receipt
Solution
contracts, invoices and an explanation of the working model for compliance
Timeline
3 weeks to put things in order
Outcome
payments clear normally, with a second bank as backup

Client story

How the situation developed

Where they started

Alina moved to Yerevan and opened an account at the first bank she visited - passport, form, an hour of her time. She worked with two European studios and one client in the UAE: mid-sized amounts, regular payments, but of irregular size, as project work usually is.

The first stuck payment

A transfer from a European studio, noticeably larger than the previous ones, went into review. For nine days the bank gave neither explanations nor timelines - the money hung there while Alina had rent to pay. Through support it emerged that the payment had gone to compliance and evidence of its basis was required.

Why this happens

The bank saw the picture from its own side: a young non-resident client, an account opened a month ago, payments from three different countries, fluctuating amounts, and no basis in the payment reference - the field contained a curt services. In compliance logic that is not a designer at work; it is uncertainty that must be checked.

The mistakes that had accumulated

The review revealed three accumulated problems. The contracts with clients existed only in correspondence - verbal arrangements and emails. Alina issued invoices in free form, without numbers or bank details. In the payment reference the clients wrote whatever they liked, from services to nothing at all. Formally the income was lawful and provable, but the bank had not a single document to see it by.

What we did

We did not argue with the bank - we gave it what was missing. We prepared framework contracts with the three clients, an invoice template with numbering and account details, and agreed a correct payment reference with the clients quoting the invoice number. Separately we prepared an explanatory note for the bank: the working model, the client base, the expected frequency and range of amounts, and the client’s tax status in Armenia.

A backup channel

In parallel we opened a second account at another Armenian bank with better digital service. Not because the first is poor, but because depending on a single institution when you work with foreign payments is wrong: any new review would stop life again. The main flow now runs through the first bank, with the backup used for some of the clients.

I thought that once the account was open everything would take care of itself. It turned out I had to explain to the bank every month who pays me and what for. Once there were contracts and proper invoices, the questions stopped - for the last four months payments have arrived the day they were sent.

Alina · product designer working with clients in the EU and UAEThe name and certain identifying details have been changed to protect confidentiality.

What was at stake

It is not the block that hurts, it is the unpredictability

When every large payment may hang for a week, planning your life and work becomes impossible: rent, taxes, obligations to subcontractors.

Regular bank questions about incoming payments are not nitpicking but a consequence of missing documents: compliance has no basis other than the one the client provides.

  1. 01Client payments delayed for an indefinite period
  2. 02The risk of a payment being returned to the sender and of losing the client’s trust
  3. 03Account operations restricted until documents are provided
  4. 04Questions accumulating at the bank in the absence of one coherent picture of the income

Order in the flow

What changed in every payment

The chart is built from the facts of this matter and shows the logic of the work without decorative or unverified data.

Days the first payment was held9Weeks to put things in order3Delays afterwards0
  1. 01
    Stage 1

    Framework contracts replaced verbal arrangements and email threads.

  2. 02
    Stage 2

    Numbered invoices with account details replaced free-form requests.

  3. 03
    Stage 3

    An agreed payment reference quoting the invoice replaced the curt services.

  4. 04
    Stage 4

    A one-page note gave compliance the working model, amounts and tax status.

Takeaway. A verbal arrangement and a transfer marked services look the same to compliance. A contract, an invoice and a clear reference turn the flow into routine.

What we assembled

The documents that ended the questions

The work was split into verifiable stages so that every conclusion rested on documents.

  1. 01

    Stage 1

    Three client contracts: subject matter, payment terms, bank details. Signed electronically within a week.

  2. 02

    Stage 2

    A template with numbering, a description of the work, the amount and the account details - the client now issues them herself in five minutes.

  3. 03

    Stage 3

    We agreed a payment reference with the clients quoting the invoice: a payment stopped looking like an anonymous transfer.

  4. 04

    Stage 4

    One page for the bank: the working model, the client base, the range and frequency of amounts, and the tax status in Armenia.

  5. 05

    Stage 5

    We clarified the tax treatment of the income in Armenia so that the banking picture matches the tax one - discrepancies raise questions too.

How the work went

From first call to result

  1. 01Three client contracts
  2. 02A template with numbering, a description of the work, the amount
  3. 03We agreed a payment reference with the clients quoting the invoice
  4. 04One page for the bank
  5. 05We clarified the tax treatment of the income in Armenia so
  6. 06Stage 6
  7. 07Stage 7

The sequence and timing reflect this particular matter and depend on how complete the documents are and on decisions of the competent authorities.

Expert comment

This is the most common banking storyline among specialists working for foreign clients. People are sure the problem is the bank or the country - in fact the problem is that the income is not documented. A verbal arrangement and a transfer marked services look the same to compliance whether you are a designer or anyone else. As soon as there is a contract, an invoice and a clear reference, the flow becomes ordinary routine. A second account at another bank is not paranoia but standard practice: an active flow needs a reserve.

Dmitry Nagy, International Tax Consultant, BRIDGESDmitry NagyInternational Tax Consultant, BRIDGES

Outcome

What the client received

Payment delays
Stopped once the pack was submitted
Client contracts
3 framework contracts, signed electronically
Invoice system
Implemented; the client runs it herself
Backup account
Opened at a second Armenian bank
Control payment
Cleared the day it was sent

For the last four months payments have cleared with no delays and no queries. The client keeps track of her invoices herself, and we remain available for any bank requests.

Practical takeaway

What matters in a similar situation

  • Opening an account is only half the job: without contracts and invoices, foreign payments will keep stalling.
  • A payment reference is not a formality: quoting the contract and invoice saves weeks of review.
  • An active flow needs a backup account at another bank: one review should not stop all your work.

FAQ

Questions people ask in a similar situation

01Why does a bank delay incoming payments from abroad?

Because it cannot see the basis: no contract, no invoice, no clear payment reference. Compliance is obliged to review transactions whose economics it does not understand - and it does so on its own timetable.

02What should the payment reference say?

A reference to the contract and invoice number plus a brief description of the work. Services, payment or an empty field is a direct route to manual review.

03Are contracts needed if the work runs by email?

For the bank, yes. A framework contract is quick to sign electronically and closes compliance’s main question about the basis for the payments.

04Can a bank close an account over questions like these?

With regular unexplained receipts and no documents, yes - it is a last resort, but it happens. That is exactly why we put things in order before the questions pile up.

05Why do you need a second account?

So that a review at one bank does not stop your work. A backup channel at another institution is standard practice for anyone living on regular foreign payments.

About the author

Dmitry Nagy

Author: Dmitry Nagy

International Tax Consultant, BRIDGES

I lead the international tax practice at BRIDGES and work at the intersection of tax residence, cross-border reporting and banking compliance. I assess how citizenship, residence, relocation or a new ownership structure may affect the client's tax obligations, banking profile and capital.

My work covers tax residence, CRS and FATCA requirements, source of funds and the questions a bank may raise. These elements should be considered together, because inconsistencies between documents, declarations and the underlying circumstances can create risks after a status has been obtained or an account has been opened.

During the consultation, you will receive an assessment of the tax and banking implications of the proposed decision. Where further work is required, I determine the financial documentation and personally oversee the tax and compliance aspects of the BRIDGES project.

Prepared on the basis of BRIDGES practice and reviewed by a subject-matter expert.

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Dmitry NagyInternational Tax Consultant, BRIDGES
Dmitry Nagy, International Tax Consultant, BRIDGES

Names and certain details have been changed to protect client confidentiality. The result described reflects one specific situation and is neither a public offer nor a guarantee of a similar outcome. Programme terms are stated as of 2026 and may change - please confirm current parameters with a BRIDGES consultant.